{"id":42990,"date":"2025-09-29T14:10:36","date_gmt":"2025-09-29T06:10:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/?p=42990"},"modified":"2025-09-29T14:11:31","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T06:11:31","slug":"reverse-osmosis-ship","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/%d0%b1%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b3\/reverse-osmosis-ship\/","title":{"rendered":"Reverse Osmosis Ship \u2014 Sizing, Layout &amp; Energy (SWRO Guide)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0421\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c<\/strong> systems convert seawater to potable water on board. To size a shipboard SWRO correctly, calculate daily demand (crew + galley\/laundry + process uses), add a safety margin, divide by <em>uptime hours\/day<\/em> to get permeate <strong>\u043c\u00b3\/\u0447<\/strong>, and set a conservative recovery (<strong>35\u201345%<\/strong>). A reliable layout is <strong>intake \u2192 pretreatment \u2192 RO \u2192 post-treatment \u2192 storage<\/strong> with clear controls and interlocks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Robust <strong>interlocks<\/strong> are essential at sea (dosing low-level, sea chest, tank levels, HP pump protections).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Typical recovery <strong>35\u201345%<\/strong>; colder seawater reduces flux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u042d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u2248 <strong>3\u20138 kWh\/m\u00b3<\/strong> depending on scale, temperature, energy recovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pretreatment quality drives <strong>uptime<\/strong> more than the RO itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Typical recovery\u00a0<strong>35\u201345%<\/strong>; lower seawater temperature reduces flux.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u042d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f<\/strong>\u00a0often\u00a0<strong>~3\u20138 kWh\/m\u00b3<\/strong>\u00a0depending on scale, temperature and energy recovery.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pretreatment quality drives\u00a0<strong>uptime<\/strong>\u00a0more than RO itself.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Design\u00a0<strong>interlocks<\/strong>\u00a0matter at sea (dosing low-level, sea chest, tank levels, HP pump protections).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>New to RO? See a quick primer on <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reverse_osmosis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reverse osmosis ship sizing workflow (step-by-step)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A shipboard reverse osmosis (SWRO) system draws seawater from the&nbsp;<strong>sea chest<\/strong>, screens and conditions it, then uses a&nbsp;<strong>high-pressure pump<\/strong>&nbsp;to force water through RO membranes.&nbsp;<strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0430\u0442<\/strong>&nbsp;is polished and routed to the&nbsp;<strong>fresh-water tank<\/strong>, while&nbsp;<strong>brine<\/strong>&nbsp;is discharged overboard per local rules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Use case fit:<\/strong>&nbsp;commercial vessels, offshore service ships, yachts, island ferries\u2014anywhere bunkering is limited or costly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship01-1024x683.webp\" alt=\"reverse osmosis ship01\" class=\"wp-image-43000\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship01-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship01-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship01-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship01-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship01-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship01.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">reverse osmosis ship01<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"summary-next\">Reverse osmosis ship summary &amp; next steps<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e <strong>reverse osmosis ship<\/strong> guide outlined sizing formulas, core layout, energy ranges and a starter BOM. For a fast start, use the <a href=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%ba%d1%83%d0%bb%d1%8f%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d1%8b-%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b\/ro-sizing\/\">free RO sizing calculator<\/a> \u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ship_RO_Sizing_Worksheet.xlsx\">reverse osmosis ship sizing worksheet<\/a>, then adapt recovery and pretreatment to your route and seawater temperature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sizing workflow (step-by-step)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inputs to collect<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Crew count<\/strong>\u00a0\u0438\u00a0<strong>L\/day\/person<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., 60\u2013120 L)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Galley &amp; laundry L\/day<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>technical\/process L\/day<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Safety margin<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., +10\u201320%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Uptime hours\/day<\/strong>\u00a0(e.g., 16\u201324 h available runtime)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Seawater TDS\/temperature<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>target recovery<\/strong>\u00a0(%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Formulas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Daily demand (L)<\/strong>\u00a0= crew \u00d7 L\/day\/person + galley\/laundry + process<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Design demand (L)<\/strong>\u00a0= daily demand \u00d7 (1 + safety %)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Required permeate (m\u00b3\/h)<\/strong>\u00a0= design demand \u00f7 uptime (h) \u00f7 1000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Estimated feed (m\u00b3\/h)<\/strong>\u00a0= permeate \u00f7 (recovery %)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%ba%d1%83%d0%bb%d1%8f%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d1%8b-%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b\/ro-sizing\/\">Try the free RO sizing calculator<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Downloadable:<\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ship_RO_Sizing_Worksheet.xlsx\">Ship RO Sizing Worksheet (XLSX)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Array &amp; membranes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Small\/medium skids:\u00a0<strong>4040 or 8040<\/strong>\u00a0elements; arrays like\u00a0<strong>1:1, 2:1, 2:2<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pick\u00a0<strong>HR<\/strong>\u00a0(high rejection) for product quality or\u00a0<strong>LE<\/strong>\u00a0(low energy) for lower pressure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pro tip:<\/strong>&nbsp;Design with conservative flux, account for cold seawater, and leave CIP access\/ports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Intake &amp; pretreatment (seawater side)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Intake path<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sea chest \u2192 lift pump \u2192 coarse strainer<\/strong>\u00a0(basket filter)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u00a0<strong>multimedia \/ activated carbon<\/strong>\u00a0depending on waters<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>5-\u00b5m cartridge filter<\/strong>\u00a0before HP pump (monitor \u0394P)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chemical dosing<\/strong>\u00a0as required: antiscalant,\u00a0<strong>SMBS<\/strong>\u00a0(dechlorination), pH adjust<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Why it matters:<\/em>&nbsp;At sea, the fastest way to lose production is fouling upstream of RO. Stable pretreatment = fewer unplanned stops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RO skid, pressure &amp; energy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Core hardware<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0441 HP<\/strong>\u00a0(SS316 wetted parts),\u00a0<strong>pressure vessels<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>\u041c\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0430<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>instruments<\/strong>\u00a0(flow, pressure, conductivity),\u00a0<strong>PLC + HMI<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u00a0<strong>energy recovery<\/strong>\u00a0on larger SWRO units<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Operating envelope<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pressure<\/strong>\u00a0commonly tens of bar for SWRO (model-dependent)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u042d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f<\/strong>\u00a0guideline\u00a0<strong>~3\u20138 kWh\/m\u00b3<\/strong>\u00a0(smaller units at the higher end; cooler water or high TDS raises demand)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Account for ventilation and access for cartridge changes and CIP cart docking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Materials &amp; corrosion control<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SS316\/316L<\/strong>\u00a0for piping and pumps;\u00a0<strong>duplex<\/strong>\u00a0options where needed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Coatings for frames in marine environments<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Salt-resistant\u00a0<strong>valves, sensors, cables<\/strong>; protect electronics from salt mist<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship02-1024x683.webp\" alt=\"Man operating reverse osmosis equipment.\" class=\"wp-image-43001\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship02-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship02-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship02-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship02-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship02-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/stark-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/reverse-osmosis-ship02.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Man operating reverse osmosis equipment.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Post-treatment &amp; potable storage<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Remineralization \/ pH adjustment<\/strong>\u00a0as needed for taste and stability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>UV<\/strong>\u00a0or equivalent disinfection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Route to\u00a0<strong>fresh-water tanks<\/strong>\u00a0with level interlocks and appropriate venting<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Controls &amp; interlocks checklist<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0441 HP\u00a0<strong>low-pressure protection<\/strong>\u00a0(NPSH\/sea chest)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cartridge \u0394P high<\/strong>\u00a0alarm\/shutdown<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dosing low-level<\/strong>\u00a0interlock<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fresh-water tank high\/low<\/strong>\u00a0level interlocks<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Conductivity high<\/strong>\u00a0divert to drain<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Auto\u00a0<strong>flush<\/strong>\u00a0on stop\/start;\u00a0<strong>CIP<\/strong>\u00a0enable and permissives<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example spec (editable)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u0410\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\u043b<\/th><th>Value (example)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td><td><strong>5 m\u00b3\/h<\/strong>&nbsp;permeate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Feed<\/td><td>Open-sea seawater, ~<strong>35,000 mg\/L TDS<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>25 \u00b0C<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0412\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/td><td><strong>~40%<\/strong>&nbsp;(temperature-dependent)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Array<\/td><td><strong>2:1<\/strong>&nbsp;with 8040 membranes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b<\/td><td>Frame&nbsp;<strong>SS304<\/strong>, wetted&nbsp;<strong>SS316L<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442<\/td><td><strong>PLC + HMI<\/strong>, auto-flush, interlocks as above<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Power<\/td><td>As sized per pump curve<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Internal links:<\/strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/product-category\/%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d1%86%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b3%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%ba%d0%b8\/\">Industrial RO plants<\/a>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/product-category\/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8-%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f-%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b\/\">RO accessories &amp; spare parts<\/a>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/product-category\/%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%b8%d0%b7-%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b6%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%8e%d1%89%d0%b5%d0%b9-%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8\/\">Stainless-steel tanks<\/a>&nbsp;-&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%ba%d1%83%d0%bb%d1%8f%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d1%8b-%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b\/ro-sizing\/\">Free RO sizing calculator<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bill of Materials (BOM) starter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sea chest &amp; lift pump, coarse strainer<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cartridge filter housing + 5-\u00b5m cartridges<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antiscalant \/ SMBS dosing packages<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>HP pump, RO membranes &amp; vessels, instrumentation<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PLC + HMI + VFD<\/strong>\u00a0(where applicable)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>UV \/ remineralization<\/strong>, potable tank connections<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CIP cart\/ports<\/strong>, hoses, cleaning chemicals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Maintenance at sea (quick plan)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0415\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e<\/strong>: check \u0394P, conductivity, flows, chemical levels<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0415\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/strong>: change cartridges (or per \u0394P), inspect strainers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CIP triggers<\/strong>: ~<strong>10\u201315%<\/strong>\u00a0normalized flow loss or\u00a0<strong>~15%<\/strong>\u00a0\u0394P rise, or product quality drift<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lay-up<\/strong>: flush, protect membranes per vendor guidance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Can ships use RO water directly for drinking?<\/strong><br>Yes\u2014after appropriate post-treatment (e.g., remineralization, disinfection) and compliance with your flag\/state requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How much energy does shipboard RO consume?<\/strong><br>A practical range is ~3\u20138 kWh\/m\u00b3, depending on capacity, temperature, recovery, and whether energy recovery is used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What recovery should I target at sea?<\/strong><br>Many designs start around 35\u201345% and adjust with temperature, fouling risk, and water quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>When should I run CIP?<\/strong><br>Common triggers are 10\u201315% permeate drop (normalized), ~15% \u0394P increase, or sustained quality drift.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What spares should we carry for 3\u20136 months?<\/strong><br>5-\u00b5m cartridges, antiscalant and SMBS, pump seal kit, pressure-vessel O-rings, one spare membrane element per train (optional), and critical sensors\/UV lamp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reverse osmosis ship systems convert seawater to potable water on board. To size a shipboard SWRO correctly, calculate daily demand [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-water-treatment-industry-information"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42990","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42990"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42990\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43007,"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42990\/revisions\/43007"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42990"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42990"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stark-water.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}